{"id":25855,"date":"2025-03-17T11:35:54","date_gmt":"2025-03-17T10:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/?page_id=25855"},"modified":"2025-04-03T09:51:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T07:51:05","slug":"history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/","title":{"rendered":"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"alignfull wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container podstrona-szachownica ugb-12c4a27 ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-plain ugb-main-block\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ugb-12c4a27.ugb-container{margin-bottom:0px !important;padding-right:0px !important;padding-bottom:50px !important;padding-left:0px !important}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ugb-12c4a27 > .ugb-inner-block > .ugb-block-content > *{padding-top:0px !important;padding-bottom:0px !important;padding-right:0px !important;padding-left:0px !important}}<\/style><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-12c4a27-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-12c4a27-content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top is-image-fill bs-naglowek-szablonu-kolumny\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/Widok-budynku-zakladu-1024x661.jpg);background-position:50% 50%\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/Widok-budynku-zakladu-1024x661.jpg\" alt=\"Widok budynku zak\u0142adu\" class=\"wp-image-45549 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-bonasoft-modular-breadcrumbs-block\"><div class=\"bs_add_breadcrumb_trail\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-black-color has-css-opacity has-black-background-color has-background is-style-wide bs-border-kontakt\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>History of the Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The first meeting of the Council of the freshly established Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw (IEP UWr) was held on 27 September 1969 (it determined, among other things, its structure &#8211; the number, names, and types of didactic divisions and science and research teams, the Institute\u2019s didactic agendas, as well as their personnel). However, personal and organisational beginnings of the Institute date as far back as the period right after the end of the Second World War, when the Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry, institutionally shared by the University of Wroc\u0142aw and Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology until the year 1951(when there was an administrative split of the two universities), was established. Due to the existing shortages of staff, premises, equipment, and finances, the beginnings of the work of Wroc\u0142aw experimental physicists were extremely difficult. In the first period the research was conducted by a team making up the Experimental Physics Division, and then &#8211; from the year 1952 &#8211; by university physicists as part of the Experimental Physics Department. At that time, within the Experimental Physics Department, there were three independent research groups, headed by prof. dr hab. Jan Nikliborc, doc. dr hab. Bogdan Sujak, and prof. dr Jan Weso\u0142owski, which, after the reorganisation in 1966, were formally converted into three departments: Experimental Physics, Solid State Physics, and Nuclear Physics.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container ugb-002ab8b ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-plain ugb-main-block\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ugb-002ab8b.ugb-container{margin-bottom:0% !important;margin-right:6% !important;margin-left:6% !important}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ugb-002ab8b > .ugb-inner-block > .ugb-block-content > *{padding-top:0px !important;padding-bottom:0px !important;padding-right:0px !important;padding-left:0px !important}}<\/style><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-002ab8b-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-002ab8b-content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top tekst-zdjece-kwadrat tekst-zdjece-kwadrat-p\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>The building of the Institute of Experimental Physics (ground and two storeys on the right), Wojciecha Cybulskiego st. 36. On the left is the part of the building occupied by the then PUWP Provincial Committee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Those three departments were the basis of the Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw established in 1969 (at that time the Institute employed 2 titular professors, 6 docents, 9 readers, 1 lecturer, 14 senior assistants, 12 assistants, 3 intern assistants). First of them was the precursor of the research conducted at the Institute in the field of surface physics &#8211; in the early 1970s a pioneer field in Poland and simultaneously only starting its development in world science. Originally, due to the existing limitations, this field was mainly based on two measurement techniques &#8211; field emission microscopy and field ion microscopy, which was already enabling surface imaging with atomic resolution. The Institute\u2019s employees very soon reached a world class of conducted research, simultaneously establishing numerous direct contacts with foreign scientists. At the same time the chosen field of research and used techniques forced a constant broadening of knowledge and skills in producing ultra high vacuum and constructing ultra high vacuum equipment.<\/p>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/historia1.png\" alt=\"Widok na bulwar J\u00f3zefa Zwierzyckiego\" class=\"wp-image-46833 size-full\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile tekst-zdjecie-poziom tekst-zdjecie-poziom-l\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/historia2.png\" alt=\"Widok na gmach Wydzia\u0142u Fizyki i Astronomii\" class=\"wp-image-46827 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Institute of Experimental Physics headquarters after 1989, Maksa Borna sq. 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As time went on, both the Institute\u2019s staff numbers and its equipment assets expanded. Along with the increasing financial possibilities, the Institute gradually introduced more research techniques, including many original methods designed and developed by the IEP employees. The objects of research were and remain the volumetric properties (among other things, phase transitions of known and new dielectric crystals determined by various optical and dielectric methods) as well as condensed matter surfaces (including nanostructured materials and biological objects) and atomic or nanometric scale processes, among others adsorption and growth of thin films on surfaces of metals, semiconductors, and insulators, activated thermally (e.g. surface diffusion, segregation, desorption, faceting), emissions (ions, electrons), surface chemical reactions (including catalytic properties and corrosion phenomena) at the interfaces: solid-vacuum and solid-fluid. Conducted experimental studies are effectively supplemented by theoretical research (in particular concerning electronic and atomic structure of metals, metal oxides, semiconductors, various adsorption systems, including adsorption of organic molecules) conducted at the Institute, mainly using the density functional theory. In consequence the structure of the Institute and topics of conducted research also evolved. A group was also formed to engage in the training of physics teachers, the lack of which &#8211; not only within the province of Lower Silesia &#8211; was very troublesome. Simultaneously, alongside scientific and educational work, many popularisation activities were operated. To date, the number of participants (both pre-school and school age children as well as adults) of various kinds of events (mention here can be made of the very popular Physics Circus, Lectures with demonstrations, or the Lower Silesian Festival of Science) can be confidently counted within tens of thousands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>History of the Institute also includes dramatic events &#8211; in the year 1997 the flood of the century took place in Wroc\u0142aw and unfortunately, despite very good protection measures, the Institute suffered at that time quite severely (the water broke into its quarters through the unprotected basement of the State Archive adjacent to the Institute).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile tekst-zdjecie-pion tekst-zdjecie-pion-p\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>View of the entrance to the Institute from the courtyard<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Throughout its existence, the Institute employed over 410 people and the total number of publications reached over 3200 items (the full list, also including the years before establishing the Institute &#8211; 1945-1969, when 314 articles by university experimental physicists were published, can be found at: <a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2022\/11\/publikacje-ifd-1945-2020.pdf\">publications<\/a>). By April 2022, 169 PhDs had been promoted at the Institute, 34 people had been awarded postdoctoral degrees, and 22 people had been awarded professorships. The number of conferences organized by the Institute and their participants can be considered impressive &#8211; over the past years over a hundred conferences of various kinds have been organized, attended by at least 5 thousands people. The Institute\u2019s employees taught and teach classes not only to students of the parent faculty but also the so-called service classes for students of other faculties of the UWr, as well many schools in Wroc\u0142aw. It is now difficult to estimate their total number, but it certainly has long exceeded 20 thousands. The number of engineer\u2019s, bachelor&#8217;s, or master&#8217;s theses completed at the Institute, according to conservative estimates, has long exceeded a thousand. All the Institute\u2019s achievements to date and its current status is not only thanks to the Institute\u2019s successive directors: prof. B. Sujak (1969-1974 and 1984-1987), prof. Z. Sidorski (1974-1984), prof. S. Mr\u00f3z (1987-1991) prof.\u202fM.\u202fSzuszkiewicz (1991-1996), prof. J. Ko\u0142aczkiewicz (1996-1999 and 2012-2016), prof. Z. Czapla (1999 -2002), prof. A. Ciszewski (2002-2012), prof. L. Markowski (since 2016), but especially its employees, a full list of whom can be found in the Institute&#8217;s anniversary book<sup>i<\/sup>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In April 2022, 6 divisions remained in the Institute\u2019s structure (<a href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/contact\/emission-electronics-division\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Emission Electronics Division<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-structure\/nuclear-and-dielectric-physics-division\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nuclear and Dielectric Physics Division<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-structure\/nano-optics-and-nanostructures-division\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nano-optics and Nanostructures Division<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-structure\/physics-education-division\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Physics Education Division<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-structure\/electron-spectroscopy-division\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Electron Spectroscopy Division<\/a> along with the EC-STM Group, <a href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/institute-structure\/surface-physics-and-nanomaterials-division\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Surface Physics and Nanomaterials Division<\/a>). The main thrusts of previous research have been maintained; however, new areas of interest have emerged, such as nano-optics, or phenomena at the solid-liquid interface studied by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Details of current research directions, as well as those carried out in the past, can be found in the descriptions of the individual divisions and in the aforementioned book.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>April 2022.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Leszek Markowski&nbsp;<br>(Director in the years 2016-2024)<br>Institute of Experimental Physics<br>University of Wroc\u0142aw<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"bs-pageList-container\">\n\n           \n        <a class=\"bs-pageList-linked\" href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/honorary-doctorates\/\">\n        <li>\n        <div class=\"parent-page\">\n            <p> \n                Honorary Doctorates            <\/p>\n            <div class=\"bs-links-icon\">\n            <svg width=\"40px\" height=\"40px\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 16\" version=\"1.1\"><g stroke=\"none\" strokewidth=\"1\" fill=\"white\" fillrule=\"evenodd\"><g><polygon points=\"13.4875 0 12 1.6215 18.7875 8 12 14.3795 13.4875 16 21.9995 8\"><\/polygon><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/li>\n    <\/a>\n  \n\n    <\/ul>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfa.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/216\/2023\/02\/historia3.png\" alt=\"Widok na wej\u015bcie do budynku Wydzia\u0142u Fizyki i Astronomii od strony ul. Cybulskiego\" class=\"wp-image-46821 size-full\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>History of the Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw The first meeting of the Council of the freshly established Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw (IEP UWr) was held on 27 September 1969 (it determined, among other things, its structure &#8211; the number, names, and types of didactic divisions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6984,"featured_media":26908,"parent":24095,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25855","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png",1299,1181,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-300x273.png",300,273,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-768x698.png",768,698,true],"large":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-1024x931.png",1024,931,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png",1299,1181,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png",1299,1181,false],"menu-24x24":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-24x22.png",24,22,true],"menu-36x36":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-36x33.png",36,33,true],"menu-48x48":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a-48x44.png",48,44,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>History of the Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw The first meeting of the Council of the freshly established Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw (IEP UWr) was held on 27 September 1969 (it determined, among other things, its structure &#8211; the number, names, and types of didactic divisions and science and research teams, the Institute\u2019s didactic agendas, as well as their personnel). However, personal and organisational beginnings of the Institute date as far back as the period right after the end of the Second World War, when the Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and&hellip;<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Uncategorized","author_info_v2":{"name":"tomasz.ossowski@uwr.edu.pl","url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/author\/tomasz-ossowskiuwr-edu-pl\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>History of the Institute of Experimental Physics - Institute of Experimental Physics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics - Institute of Experimental Physics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw The first meeting of the Council of the freshly established Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw (IEP UWr) was held on 27 September 1969 (it determined, among other things, its structure &#8211; the number, names, and types of didactic divisions [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute of Experimental Physics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-03T07:51:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2024\/11\/Logo-IFD_1-1024x1021.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1021\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/\",\"name\":\"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics - Institute of Experimental Physics\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-03-17T10:35:54+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-03T07:51:05+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png\",\"width\":1299,\"height\":1181,\"caption\":\"Znaczek IFD\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Homepage\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/\",\"name\":\"Institute of Experimental Physics\",\"description\":\"Kolejna witryna sieci \u201eUWR Witryny\u201d\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Institute of Experimental Physics\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/10\/UWr-logotyp-2025.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/10\/UWr-logotyp-2025.png\",\"width\":764,\"height\":269,\"caption\":\"Institute of Experimental Physics\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics - Institute of Experimental Physics","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics - Institute of Experimental Physics","og_description":"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw The first meeting of the Council of the freshly established Institute of Experimental Physics of the University of Wroc\u0142aw (IEP UWr) was held on 27 September 1969 (it determined, among other things, its structure &#8211; the number, names, and types of didactic divisions [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/","og_site_name":"Institute of Experimental Physics","article_modified_time":"2025-04-03T07:51:05+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1021,"url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2024\/11\/Logo-IFD_1-1024x1021.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/","url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/","name":"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics - Institute of Experimental Physics","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png","datePublished":"2025-03-17T10:35:54+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-03T07:51:05+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/06\/Logo_IFD_a.png","width":1299,"height":1181,"caption":"Znaczek IFD"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/strona-glowna2-2\/history-of-the-institute-of-experimental-physics\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Homepage","item":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"History of the Institute of Experimental Physics"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/","name":"Institute of Experimental Physics","description":"Kolejna witryna sieci \u201eUWR Witryny\u201d","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#organization","name":"Institute of Experimental Physics","url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/10\/UWr-logotyp-2025.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/668\/2025\/10\/UWr-logotyp-2025.png","width":764,"height":269,"caption":"Institute of Experimental Physics"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-05-23 10:36:05","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25855\/"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page\/"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6984\/"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments\/?post=25855"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25855\/revisions\/"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26647,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25855\/revisions\/26647\/"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24095\/"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26908\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/?parent=25855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories\/?post=25855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifd.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags\/?post=25855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}